Washington College: yesterday, today, and tomorrow

WASHINGTON COLLEGE

Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

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PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE

Chestertown, Maryland

WASHINGTON COLLEGE

Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

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PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE

Chestertown, Maryland

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2011 with funding from

LYRASIS members and Sloan Foundation

http://www.archive.org/details/washingtoncollegOOunse

WASHINGTON COLLEGE

Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

"In civilized societies, the welfare of the state and
happiness of the people are advanced or retarded, in
proportion as the morals and education of the youth are
attended to. I can not forbear on this occasion to ex-
press the satisfaction which I feel on seeing the increase
of our seminaries of learning through this extensive
country, and the general wish which seems to prevail
for establishing and maintaining these valuable institu-
tions.

"It affords me peculiar pleasure to know that the Seat
of Learning under your direction hath attained such
proficiency in the Sciences since the Peace; and I sin-
cerely pray the great Author of the Universe may smile
upon the institution, and make it an extensive blessing
to this country." — George Washington to Dr. William
Smith, President of Washington College, July 11, 1789.

Courtesy Boston Athenaeum

GEORGE WASHINGTON, LL. D., 1789
First Contributor to College and Member First Board of Visitors and Governors.

PAGE SIX

TRANSLATION OF DIPLOMA

Granted to George Washington, June 24, 1789, when Washington College conferred
upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws, honoris causa

We, the Principal and Faculty of Washington College in the State of Maryland
in the United States of America, to all men to whom these Presents may come,
Greeting:

Whereas, Academic Degrees were wisely established by our Ancestors to the end
that public Honors might be accorded to those Men who have best served Religion,
Letters and the State, and whereas it has been made manifest to us and to all men
that George Washington, President of the United States of America, has always and
well served not only Religion, Letters and the State and even the whole Human Race,
but in War as well as in Peace being most eager for the common safety amidst the
gravest crisis, has proved himself a most eminent Citizen, a most successful Defender
of Liberty, and a most fond father of his Country. We, therefore, influenced by the
foregoing considerations in accordance with the express Mandate of the Visitors and
Governors of this College (by the unanimous vote of all) at the Public Commence-
ment held on the 24th day of June, 1789, have pronounced and declared this same
eminent and most distinguished Man Doctor of Civil and Canon Law and beg him
by virtue of this Diploma to enjoy among his fellow Washingtonians all the Rights,
Privileges and Honors belonging to that Decree.

In witness of which Thing we have affixed our Names and the public Seal of the
College to this Diploma.

William Smith, S.T.D., Principal

Colin Ferguson, D. D., Professor of Languages and
of Mathematics

Peregrine Letherbury, Professor of Law, pro tern

Samuel Armor, Professor of Logic and Moral Philosophy

Samuel Keene, Professor of English and of Oratory

Original in MS. Division, Library of Congress
PAGE SEVEN

REV. WILLIAM SMITH, D. D.
Founder of Washington College

He was born in North Scotland, 1727; graduated from University of Aberdeen,
1747; taught three years in Scotland; came to America, 1751 ; became first Provost of
the University of Pennsylvania, 1759-1779; received honorary D. D. from Oxford,
Aberdeen, and Trinity College (Dublin); founded Washington College, 1782; was
chosen first Protestant Episcopal Bishop of Maryland, 1783, but was never consecrated;
served a second term as Provost of University of Pennsylvania, 1789-1791 ; died 1803.

PAGE EIGHT

Colonial Days

"I am much indebted" wrote George Washington
in 1782 "for the honor conferred on me, by giving
my name to the College at Chester."

In this letter to his friend, Rev. Dr. William
Smith, General Washington also expressed the hope
that the fortunes of the incipient college would pros-
per and donated "the trifling sum of Fifty Guineas
as an Earnest of my wishes for the prosperity of
this seminary." Two years later he consented to
serve as a member of the Board of Visitors and
Governors.

The college to which George Washington lent his
name, his interest and his support was the product
of the combination of two elements. The first of
these was the Kent County public school, an insti-
tution of more than sixty years' standing and, by
1780, of considerable strength and community im-
portance. The second element was the Rev. William
Smith, D.D., a Scot by birth, educated at the Uni-
versity of Aberdeen, who came to America in 1751
and served the College of Philadelphia (now the Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania) as its first provost from
1759 until its charter was revoked.

In 1780 Dr. Smith came to Chestertown as rector
of the Anglican Church. A man of great enthusiasm,

PAGE NINE

William Smith

First President

1782-1789

energy and vitality, Dr. Smith successfully prose-
cuted many projects during his nine-year stay.
He called together here the conference of church dig-
nitaries who gave the Protestant Episcopal Church
of America its name. During four years he rode on
horseback back and forth between Easton and Ches-
tertown — a distance of thirty-six miles — to institute
the Grand Lodge of Maryland, A. F. and A. M. Less
than six months after his arrival in Maryland,
William Smith was given charge of the Kent County
School. After two years of his guidance the school
had grown till 140 students were enrolled, and the
visitors petitioned that a college charter be granted.
The state agreed, with the provision that £10,000 be
raised, within five years, for the support of the fledg-
ling institution. Dr. Smith mounted his horse and,
riding from town to town and from farm to farm,
raised more than the required amount in less than
five months.

Dr. Smith's wide acquaintance among the great
men of colonial days insured for the Board of Visit-
ors and Governors of the new college, besides Gen-
eral Washington, such men as John Page, Robert
Goldsborough, Joshua Seney, and His Excellency,
William Paca, governor of Maryland. As the speci-
fied £10,000 had been raised, the name of Washington
had been granted, and an official board of imposing
names had been accumulated, the Maryland legisla-

PAGE TEN

ture immediately granted the college charter on Oc-
tober 15, 1782. The regular activities of the new-
born college went smoothly on to such a good purpose
that the following spring, on May 14, 1783, the first
commencement took place. At these exercises the
audience enjoyed two forensic disputes, one in Latin
and the other on the subject: "Whether the state of
nature be a state of war f ' ' and four orations, one in
French and two in Latin.

The following day a great procession formed in
the town and marched to the hill, a short distance William Paca
to the north, for the exercises attending the laying Governor of Maryland
of the cornerstone for the new college building. The
students contributed to the ceremony two French
orations and a pastoral play, while the address of
the occasion was delivered by one of the Visitors,
Governor William Paca, who was accorded a salute
of thirteen discharges of cannon.

The first of two other highlights in the early his-
tory of the College occurred in 1784, when Washing-
ton visited the College. The students acted before
him and a great crowd the tragedy of "Gustavus
Vasa", the deliverer of Sweden from Danish oppres-
sion. At its conclusion Dr. Smith pointed to Wash-
ington and said : "Behold the Gustavus of America !"
On the second occasion, in 1789, Washington was the
recipient of the degree of Doctor of Laws.

PAGE ELEVEN

PAGE TWELVE

Dark Period of the College

For Washington College the year 1789 was Janus-
headed. The smiling face looked back to the first
years of the College, under the inspired direction of
William Smith and with the warm personal support
of George Washington, William Paca and others.
The serious face looked forward to years of dis-
couraging disinterest, meagre financial support, and
disastrous destruction by fire.

The first blow to the College came when Dr. Smith
resigned in 1789 to return to the presidency of the
University of Pennsylvania. A successor, adequate
both in training and qualities of intellectual leader-
ship, was appointed in the person of the Rev. Colin
Ferguson, D.D., a Kent County man who had re-
ceived his education at Edinburgh, Scotland.

Far worse than the resignation of Dr. Smith was
the removal of the state 's financial props from under
the little college. The annual appropriation of £1,250,
or perhaps $6000, was reduced to £500 about 1789
and entirely discontinued two years later with the
result that Dr. Ferguson retired to his farm in Kent
County. This sum may not seem to be so essential
to the life of an institution, but a visitor to the Col-
lege in 1796 writes," For $16 all the branches of learn-
ing which are taught may be acquired . . . boarders

Colin Ferguson

Second President

1789-1804

PAGE THIRTEEN

pay $80 or $90 for their board", and when we realize
that registration had fallen considerably below one
hundred, we can readily see the absolute dependence
of the College upon state appropriation. In 1812 an
annual appropriation of $800 was declared, but in
1834 this was reduced to $500, and so matters stood
till 1848.

The crowning disaster came on January 10, 1827.
The Chestertown Telegram reported on the next
day:

''Between the hours of 7 and 8 last night the alarm
of fire was given in our village. It was soon discover-
ed to proceed from Washington College."

The commodious building of the College, affording
living and learning quarters for faculty and student
body, was entirely consumed, with the library, many
valuable documents, and the private property of the
occupants. After the conflagration classes were held
in a spacious old brick dwelling in the town, till
in 1839 it too was leveled by fire. For the next five
years the College utilized an old structure occupying
the site of the present Elementary School.

Despite the ravages of fire and the parsimony of
the state, the College continued its business of grad-
uating young men educated to leadership. In 1795
Washington College graduated her second governor,
Thomas Ward Veazey. Robert Wright was senator

PAGE FOURTEEN

for Maryland in 1801 and was elected governor
while serving in the former capacity. He was edu-
cated at the Kent County School, and must have been
graduated about 1770.

Possibly because many of the early principals
were ministers of the gospel, the College produced
preachers of note. Among them were William
Murray Stone, of the class of 1799, who became in
1830 third Protestant Episcopal bishop of Mary-
land; William Holland Wilmer, of the class of 1802.

„ _.... . William Murray Stone

who became the eleventh president of William and mz

Mary College in 1826 ; and Dr. John Emory, of the Bishop of Maryland
class of 1805. who assisted in the organization of
New York University, Wesleyan University, and
Dickinson College, and was in 1832 elected tenth
bishop of the Methodist Church.

Of lawyers, "full of wise saws and modern in-
stances, ' ' the dark period produced Samuel Maxwell
Harrington, graduated in 1823, Chief Justice of
the Supreme Court of Delaware at the age of
27 and one of the most brilliant legal minds that
state has even known. John Woodland Crisfield, of
the class of 1828, practised law for 65 years in
Princess Anne, Maryland, served in Congress sever-
al times, became the warm friend of Lincoln, exe-
cuted the construction of the Eastern Shore Rail-
way, and became the namesake of its southern

PAGE FIFTEEN

John Emory, 1805
Bishop M. E. Church

terminus, Crisfield, Maryland. Among the lawyers
we must not neglect to mention Ezekiel Foreman
Chambers, of the class of 1805, who, however, was
also a captain in the army, U. S. senator from Mary-
land, Chief Judge of the Second Judicial Circuit of
Maryland, an LL.D. from Yale, and for 25 years
chairman of the Board of Visitors and Governors
of Washington College.

These are a few of the names which brighten the
dark period of the College's existence. Any college
which has trained such men for state and national
service may surelv feel that it has not lived in vain.

Evolution of the Present Plant

Washington College was, in 1834, in possession of
no buildings, no money, and few students. This was
after fifty years of collegiate existence and more
than double that time of educational service. As
assets the College boasted an excellent site, the sup-
port of alumni and community, and the presidency
of Eichard W. Ringgold, A.M., a man of rare per-
sonal qualities and high teaching ability. For a time
the college roster was so depleted that President
Ringgold was the entire faculty. After several
years of his administration, the employment of two

PAGE SIXTEEN

IE DREAM CAMPlS ()[• WASHINGTON COLLEGE

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7"A« &az«mg in //« m^fe background. William Smith Hall; thai at the right. the Gymnasium; ami the three at the extreme right „l the picture, the boys' dormitories constitute the present grou

extreme left is the proposed boys' dormitory, and the structure to its right, the library (projected).

he present group on the main campus. The large building at ice

John E

Bishop j

assistants was necessary, and the College commenced
a recuperation from its lowest ebb.

By the year 1843 the greatest need of the College
was a building. At a meeting called by one of the
Board of Visitors and Governors for the purpose of
deciding definitely that construction was impossible,
the bolder spirits seized the bull by the horns and
passed a resolution, six votes to two, to commence
building immediately. The contract was let to
Elijah Reynolds, of Port Deposit, a famous architect,
who designed and built so honestly that the work of
his hands is today serving faithfully as the Middle
Hall dormitory. The corner stone was laid on May
4, 1844 and on the first of the following year the
faculty and students marched up the hill and took
formal possession. In 1849 was graduated the first
class to receive diplomas since the great fire of 1827.

The credit for bringing the College triumphantly
through these dark days belongs properly to Presi-
dent Ringgold, who was appointed in 1833 when the
lamp of learning burned but dimly. When President
Ringgold left twenty-one years later, the College was
so prosperous that two new buildings were under
construction flanking the hall erected in 1845. These
are known as East and West Halls and are doing
dormitory service at the present time. The halls
were completed and dedicated under President Ring-

PAGE SEVENTEEN

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PAGE EIGHTEEN

gold's successor, the Rev. Dr. Francis Waters, of
whom John W. Crisfield said: "Dr. Waters was
highly esteemed as a teacher ; he was remarkable as
a disciplinarian, and was thoroughly devoted to his
business." He had assisted in 1828 in the founding
of the Methodist Protestant Church, had served as
president of the Maryland Conference of that de-
nomination for four terms, and had successfully ad-
ministered the affairs of Washington College from
1817 to 1823. His second term was inaugurated in
1854 and terminated when the country trembled on
the threshold of Civil War.

The era of reconstruction after the war was one of
poverty and depression for the South and for Wash-
ington College. At one time the undergraduate
registration totalled only thirty-five, while but two
professors were required. Throughout the two de-
cades following the Civil War, the little college
struggled to regain the prestige and support it had
lost. The administration, 1873-1887, of William J.
Rivers, A. M., was notable for reestablishing the
scholarly reputation of the College. The gifts of
President Rivers, however, were for instruction, not
for organization or advertising. Graduates were
cultured, but they were few.

State support and the leadership of Dr. Charles
W. Reid, who assumed the reins in 1889, were to-

Francis Waters

Fifth and Ninth
President

1817-1823; 1854-1860

PAGE NINETEEN

REID HALL AS NORMAL HALL

Built originally in 1896 to house the normal department of the College, it became
a girls' dormitory in 1910, and was re-named Reid Hall in 1922 after President Charles
W. Reid. This building was completely remodeled in 1929 in the style of Mt. Vernon,
in keeping with the name of the College and its colonial origin. (For new Reid Hall,
see page 18.)

PAGE TWENTY

gether responsible for enlarging and modernizing
the plant and multiplying the enrollment. In 1892
nearly 120 students matriculated at the College. In
the summer of that year the community built a gym-
nasium, which was equipped by the generosity of the
Board. The munificence of the state, atoning
for the neglect of former years, financed the erection
of the three most pretentious and essential buildings
on the campus. In 1896, Normal Hall, officially re-
named Keid Hall in 1922 (after President Eeid), was
constructed, which since the abolition of that depart-
ment in 1910 has served as a dormitory for women
students. This was followed in 1906, under the ad-
ministration of James W. Cain, by a commodious
administration building, housing both office forces
and all the instruction of the College. This building
resembles in effect the original building of the Col-
lege, and was christened, in appreciation of the illus-
trious founder, William Smith Hall. A lire in 1916
demolished the building, but it was immediately
replaced by one almost identical in every respect.
The state continued its beneficence by replacing with
a modern plant in 1912 the old gymnasium, an-
tiquated by the phenomenal advances of college
sport.

Charles W. Reid

Fourteenth President

1889-1903

James W. Cain

Fifteenth President
1903-1918

PAGE TWENTY-ONE

The College, Today and Tomorrow

J. S. William Jones

Sixteenth President
(Acting)

1918-1919

Professor and Dean

1892-

At the present time, Washington College is in its
most prosperous period. Its modern plant, manned
by an enthusiastic and entirely competent staff,
handles its full quota of 250 students. The College
has only a small debt and it operates within its
budget.

The growth of the College in the last decade has
necessitated more than doubling the staff. The 1930-
1931 catalogue lists a faculty of twenty-three, of
whom three belong to the Department of Physical
Training, one is librarian and one is instructor of
music. It is with great pride that Washington points
to twelve doctors' degrees and six masters' degrees
among the regular teaching staff of twenty-three.
The splendid services of two professors, Dean J. S.
William Jones, professor of Mathematics, and Dr.
James Roy Micou, Vice-President and professor of
Latin, Emeritus, total eighty-one years. The sound
financial status of the College is in a large measure
the result of the watchful eye and skilled guidance
of Mr. James W. Johns, who has held since
1927 the post of Business Manager. At present, the
Board of Visitors and Governors is a group entirely
in accord with the highest traditions of the College,
headed by Hiram S. Brown, president of the Radio-
Keith-Orpheum organization. Athletics at the Col-
lege are under the direction of Coach J. Thomas

PAGE TWENTY-TWO

Kibler, whose basketball learns are dreaded by op
ponents everywhere. Kibler coaches because he
loves real sport and real men.

During the administration of Paul Emerson Tits-
worth, Ph.D., LL.D., begun in 1923, the College has
been widely advertised, its resources developed, and
its organization, plant, and curriculum modernized.
The capacity crowd of students, the enlarged and
beautified campus, and the sound ideals and pro-
gressive ideas of the College are attributable to the
•co-operative enthusiasm which animates both the
Board of Visitors and Governors and the adminis-
trative and instructional staffs.

With the rapid growth of the student body, new
housing space had to be found. The College gained
possession, by purchase and by the gift of Colonel
Clarence Hodson, of the two houses on Washington
Avenue directly adjacent to those occupied by the
President, the Eegistrar and the Business Manager.
Three fraternities, two of them occupying these
houses and the third quartered in the southern half
•of East Hall, have solved the dormitory difficulty
for the men students. These fraternities have been
functioning smoothly and harmoniously for several
years. The almost magical transformation of Reid
Hall from an insufficient brick oblong, with a
raised veranda in the style of the nineties, to an im-
posing colonial structure, with a colonnaded facade

James R. Micou

Professor and Vice

President Emeritus

1887-1927

Clarence P. Gould

Seventeenth President

1919-1923

IPAGE TWENTY-THREE

THE MEMORIAL GATEWAY

This gateway, erected in 1929 by money contributed by the classes of 1929, 1930,
1931. 1932, is the first unit of a beautiful colonial wall which will some time, it is
hoped, enclose the entire main campus. The boulder in the left foreground was
placed in 1927 by Old Kent Chapter D. A. R. in commemoration of Washington's
having allowed his name to be used as that of the College.

PAGE TWENTY-FOUR

Hiram S. Brown, '00

Chairman of Board
1922-

alniost exactly duplicating the porch of Mt. Vernon,
solved most satisfactorily the question of where to
put the increasing number of women students. The
building now furnishes quarters for seventy-five
students; its social parlors are spacious and lux-
uriously appointed, while the landscaping of the sur-
rounding lawns makes the building's setting as at-
tractive as its design.

Several contributions to the beauty of the main
campus have also preserved the traditions of the Col-
lege and the associations with its namesake. To com-
memorate the 143rd brithday of the College on Oc-
tober 22, 1925, the Old Kent Chapter of the D. A. R.
unveiled at the foot of the path leading to William
Smith Hall a stone and tablet memorializing the fact
of General Washington's giving his name to the in-
stitution in 1782 and receiving from it several years
later the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. Half
way up this path there was planted on April 26, 1928,
a grandson seedling of the great elm at Cambridge,
beneath which, on July 3, 1775, Washington assumed
command of the Continental Army. The path is now
flanked by an imposing brick gateway, harmonizing
with all the buildings and topped by ornate lamps of
colonial design. This gateway is the gift of four of pAUL E Titsworth
the classes. Student and alumni generosity is re- Eighteenth President
sponsible for the impressive stand of structural steel 1923-

on the newlv laid-out athletic field.

PAGE TWENTY-FIVE

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PAGE twenty-sin;

Washington College possesses a campus unsur-
passed in the East, fine buildings carefully designed
and located for harmony of effect, and a highly-
qualified faculty complete with a student body that
has been at all times loyal. Further growth is, how-
ever, almost impossible without the construction of
several buildings, foremost of all a new boys' dorm-
itory. The present plant, even with its recent en-
largements, cannot conceivably handle more than 300
students, and it seems certain that registration in the
near future could equal or surpass that number. The
proposed dormitory, plans for which have been
drawn, would provide for the expansion of the Col-
lege to the 400 mark, or even a bit beyond. The
lower end of the campus furnishes an admirable site
for this beautiful yet economical building, which will
complete a quadrangle of surpassing loveliness.

Washington College believes in the educational
ministry of beauty. In common with all the better
American colleges, it has adopted a well-considered
plan of campus beautification.

Because the institution is eighteenth century in
origin it aims to employ in future construction the
colonial style, already represented in William Smith
Hall and the new Reid Hall, and native to the East-
ern Shore of Maryland. The proposed Boys' Dor-
mitory, Field House, and Social Hall will follow the

PAGE TWENTY-SEVEN

Georgian manner. Sometime it is hoped, also, to
join the present boys' dormitories by colonnades
and to add colonial porticoes to these buildings, the
oldest on the campus.

Already, too, Washington has begun a program
of landscaping which shall conform to its architec-
ture and to its origin and location. By planting the
campus with shrubs, trees, and flowers, either indi-
genous to or easily grown on this Peninsula, the
College aims eventually to landscape its grounds
like an Eastern Shore colonial estate. Notable as a
beginning toward this end is the beautiful planting
of box made recently on the girls ' campus.

To complete the colonial picture, Washington,
through the generosity of the classes of 1929, 1930,
1931, and 1932, has erected an imposing gateway at
its main entrance for pedestrians. As rapidly as
funds permit the idea will be further materialized
in a low brick wall extending around the main
campus with large, ornamental gateways for vehicu-
lar traffic.

Such a campus, beautiful in all its details, planted
and constructed upon in a style appropriate to the
beginnings and traditions of the College as a Mary-
land institution, can not but enrich the life of its
students and improve the quality of their citizenship.

PAGE TWENTY-EIGHT

The incalculable depths in the soul of man which
the charm of lovely surroundings reaches, mellows,
and matures, were attested by the poet Wordsworth
when he wrote that Nature

"can so inform
The mind that is within us, so impress
With quietness and beauty, and so feed
With lofty thought, that neither evil tongues,
Rash judgment, nor the sneers of selfish men,
Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor all
The dreary intercourse of daily life,
Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturb
Our cheerful faith that always we behold
Is full of blessings."

Such is the power of beauty. Washington him-
self spent most of his teens in field and forest, while
his later years were passed in the peaceful pastures
and the dignified mansion at Mt. Vernon, so similar
in spirit, tradition and architectural design to the
rolling campus, and the colonial buildings of the
college that bears his name.

This plan for completing one of the finest small
college organizations in the country is in keeping
with Washington's ideals of progressive thinking
and the highest service to mankind. Like the Wash-
ington College of the past 148 years of conscientious
effort, the Washington College of the future will
strive to continue to fullnll the prophecy of General
Washington expressed in his letter to William Smith
of August 18, 1782: "When that period shall arrive,
when we can hail the blest return of peace, it will
add to my pleasure to see this infant seat of learn-
ing rising into consistence and proficiency in the
sciences under the nurturing hands of its founders."

PAGE TWENTY-NINE

What's Washington College For?

General Aims

In general Washington College is dedicated to de-
veloping in its students an appreciation of the fine
art of living.

As a liberal arts college it teaches, not so much a
profession, as a way of life. It attempts, by in-
creasing the contact of boys and girls with the rich
heritage of the race, to pull the trigger which shall
release their own creative possibilities.

As a Southern institution, Washington desires to
promote a sympathetic and intelligent understand-
ing of the South and to arouse an appreciation of its
cultural contributions to American life. Perhaps no
section of the country has made greater progress in
the last twenty-five years in the arts of civilization.
It seems certain, too, that the next fifty years like-
wise belong to the South. Without ceasing to point
out to its students those universal principles under-
lying all life and progress, Washington wants to de-
vote itself to stimulating those motives which are to
play an important role in building south of the
Mason and Dixon Line an even finer civilization in
the next half century.

As a rural college, Washington desires to acquaint
its students with the ways of living on and near the
land. Rural life with its basis in agriculture is, in

PAGE THIRTY

many respects, a different civilization from urban
life with its basis in industry. The two are comple-
mentary halves of the American picture. While
they do dovetail into each other, they are, of course,
distinct. Washington aims, therefore, to teach an
appreciation of life on and near the land believing'
that a rich civic social, and spiritual life and a finan-
cial competence are as possible and as necessary in
the country as in the city.

Specific Aims

Specifically, the program of studies of Washing-
ton College seeks to care for the following needs of
students : —

1. Professional training for high school training;

2. Pre-professional training for law, medicine, dentistry,
college teaching, the ministry, journalism, and busi-
ness; but most of all

3. Cultural and social training

a. To acquaint the student with the fundamental
and common knowledge concerning

(1) the physical world — matter and energy

(2) the human world — men and their ways in
the past and present; "■

b. To help the student to think independently and
soundly;

c. To develop his personality with its powers of
self-motivation, self-direction, enthusiasm, ap-
preciation, imagination, cooperation, sympathy,
and aspiration; and

d. To teach him that the end of knowledge, power
and personality, is action and creation as a Chris-
tian citizen.

PAGE THIRTY-ONE